Introduction
Telegram isn't just for sending and receiving chat messages. It's also for automating your dialog flow, including work flow. Using a Telegram Bot gives you the ability to check prices, query status, manage trades, and even have a fun conversation. And if you're a serious crypto or forex trader, you can create your own Telegram Bot to manage your order flow.
In this tutorial you'll use a Telegram Bot to query your orders on a Metatrader 4 account. You'll create a Telegram Bot ["bot"], build an Expert Advisor ["EA"] that can listen and process messages from a user, as well as reply to the user with orders and account data.
Prerequisites
* Metatrader 4 ["MT4"] client and demo account with any broker.
* Telegram Bot created in your Telegram account. The tutorial How to Create a New Telegram Bot walks you through creating a bot and configuring your MT4 client.
* Postman Windows application to understand how the Telegram HTTP API works.
Step 1 - Peeking into Telegram's HTTP API with Postman
Before diving into the MT4 EA build, let's take a peek at how the Telegram HTTP API work, in particular the getUpdates method, with the Postman app.
The getUpdates method returns messages from all channels, groups, and chats that the Bot is a member of.
In other words, the JSON message returned by this function can get crowded very quickly, if the Bot is a member of more than one group or channel.
Each Bot can also have a private chat with whomever sends a private message to the Bot.
For example, my Bot belongs to both a channel TradeTitanSignal and a private chat where I can sent it private messages.
GET https://api.telegram.org/bot**token**/getUpdatesThe response in JSON format requires some explanation:
* The update_id value represents a sequential number that is assigned to every message regardless of whether the message is from a channel post, or a private message, etc.
"update_id": 769794061,
"update_id": 769794062,* The update id is followed by the message type, i.e channel_post for a channel message, while a private message begins with message head.
* A channel has a negative chat_id, so we may have to use chat_title to scan for a channel.
"chat": {
"id": -1001326947729,
"title": "TradeTitanSignal",* A private chat has a positive chat_id, so we can use sendMessage method to chat to the person.
"chat": {
"id": 902090608,
"first_name": "Dennis",* A channel post has chat_title and chat_username, but a private message has from_is_bot, from_first_name, from_last_name, chat_first_name, and chat_last_name.
"update_id": 769794061,
"channel_post": {
"message_id": 4,
"chat": {
"id": -1001326947729,
"title": "TradeTitanSignal",
"username": "tradetitansignal",
"type": "channel"
},
"date": 1569929874,
"text": "hi i’m dennis"* Both channel post and private message have update_id, message_id, chat_id, chat_type, date and text. For both channel post and private message, the content can be accessed using text.
"update_id": 769794062,
"message": {
"message_id": 4,
"from": {
"id": 902090608,
"is_bot": false,
"first_name": "Dennis",
"last_name": "Lee",
"language_code": "en"
},
"chat": {
"id": 902090608,
"first_name": "Dennis",
"last_name": "Lee",
"type": "private"
},
"date": 1569931564,
"text": "hi"* The response has a limit of 100 messages, but it doesn't clear automatically each time you call the getUpdate method, unless you pass it an offset parameter.
* After processing the above messages, you should call the getUpdates method, but with an offset value equal to the highest update_id + 1, in this example above, i.e. 769794062 + 1.
GET https://api.telegram.org/bot**token**/getUpdates?offset=769794063We should get an empty response if there are no new messages.
It is important to note that calling the getUpdates method again, without the offset value, returns an empty response.
This is because the Telegram API server stores the last offset that we passed as a parameter, so that we don't have to specify the same offset again.
{
"ok": true,
"result": []
}Step 2 - Creating a New MT4 Expert Advisor
In this section, let's create a new Expert Advisor ["EA"] in MetaEditor, and name the EA TelegramRecon.mq4.
Get the source code for the above MQ4 file.
First, we include the file Telegram.mqh, which provides the class CCustomBot to manage a Telegram Bot.
#include <Telegram.mqh>Second, we declare an input variable TgrToken, which the user must provide. This is the HTTP API token for the Telegram Bot.
input string TgrToken;Third, we declare two global variables:
(1) The variable bot is of type CCustomBot, which is a class defined in Telegram.mqh. This bot is used to send and process Telegram messages.
(2) The variable intResult is an integer, which holds the result of the bot.GetMe() method. The method returns zero if successful.
CCustomBot bot;
int intResult;Fourth, in the OnInit() function, we call the bot.Token() method and passing it the variable TgrToken.
Then we call the bot.GetMe() method, which returns a zero if successful.
We then set the Timer to repeat every three seconds to call the OnTimer() function.
bot.Token(TgrToken);
intResult=bot.GetMe();
//--- create timer
EventSetTimer(3);
OnTimer();Finally, in the OnTimer() function, we check the variable intResult. If it is a non-zero value, then we display the Error Description on the chart.
Otherwise, if the value of intResult is zero (success), then we display the bot Name using the bot.Name() method.
if( intResult!=0 ) {
BigComment( "Error: "+GetErrorDescription(intResult) );
return;
}
BigComment( "Bot name: "+bot.Name() );Compile the above source code, and you should see the TelegramRecon EA in the Navigator under the Expert Advisors tab.
Step 3 - Running the MT4 EA for First Time
Before running the EA, we have to add a URL to the List of allowed WebRequest URLs in MT4.
Click on menu Tools --> Options (Ctrl+O), then click on menu tab Expert Advisors.
Check the box Allow WebRequest for listed URL, and add the URL https://api.telegram.org
Click OK button to save the dialog window.
Next, attach the EA to any chart, and in the Input dialog window, enter your unique HTTP API token in the Input field TgrToken.
If you had done every step above correctly, you should see your Bot Name displayed on the chart.
Step 4 - Building a Bot Query Tool
In order to build a Bot Query Tool, we have to be able to both send and process messages to and from a user respectively.
In this section, let's create a new include file in MetaEditor, and name the file CPlusBotRecon.mqh.
Get the source code for the above MQH file.
First, we include both the files PlusBotRecon.mqh and Telegram.mqh. The first MQH file is one that we will create later that does all the order queries, while the latter MQH contains the class CCustomBot, as previously discussed.
#include <PlusBotRecon.mqh>
#include <Telegram.mqh>Second, we declare a new class CPlusBotRecon, which inherits all the methods and data of CCustomBot. In addition, we declare a new public method ProcessMessage().
class CPlusBotRecon: public CCustomBotThe method ProcessMessage() checks and parses any messages into commands, prepended by a slash ["/"], that we defined as follows:
1. /ordertotal - Return a count of opened orders
2. /ordertrade - Return ALL opened orders, where EACH order includes ticket, symbol, type, lots, openprice, stoploss, takeprofit, and prevticket
3. /orderticket <ticket> - Return an order by ticket
4. /historytotal - Return a count of history
5. /historyticket <ticket> - Return a history by ticket
6. /account - Return account number, currency, balance, equity, margin, freemargin, and profit.
7. /help - Display a list of bot commands
Finally, let's create a new include file in MetaEditor, and name the file PlusBotRecon.mqh.
For now, we simply return an empty string in each of our above function.
Let's modify our previous EA TelegramRecon.mq4 in MetaEditor.
Find the following code into the above MQ4 file and add the line to include file CPlusBotRecon.mqh below as follows:
#include <Telegram.mqh>
#include <CPlusBotRecon.mqh>Next, find and replace the following code:
CCustomBot bot;with our inherited class:
CPlusBotRecon bot;Next, find the BigComment code in the OnTimer() function and add two more lines below it as follows
BigComment( "Bot name: "+bot.Name() );
bot.GetUpdates();
bot.ProcessMessages();Compile and attach the EA to any chart, and in the Input dialog window, enter your unique HTTP API token in the Input field TgrToken.
Open your Telegram app and send a message "/help" to your Telegram Bot. You should get the following response:
Step 5 - Implementing the Bot Commands
The final step is to actually implement the empty functions in our include file PlusBotRecon.mqh.
Open your Telegram app and send a message "/ordertrade" to your Telegram Bot. You should get the following response:
Conclusion
In this tutorial, you used a Telegram Bot to query your orders from a Metatrader 4 client. You can use this approach to manage your order flow, view account details, open and close orders, or even broadcast trade signals to a Telegram group or channel.
Get the Source Code
You can download the above source code from GitHub repository MT4-Telegram-Bot-Recon.
What To Do Next
You can further extend your Bot in several meaningful ways:
1. Implementing Authentication - This is to ensure that only approved users have access to the Bot commands.
2. Implementing Open and Close Orders - This is to allow opening and closing orders using the Bot.
3. Implementing Modify SL and TP - This is to allow modifying the StopLoss and TakeProfit of an order.
4. Implementing Add and Delete Pending Orders - This is to manage pending orders using the Bot.
5. Create a Chart Query Tool: This is to allow users to query chart values, such as prices and indicator values for an instrument.
6. Broadcast Trading Signals in a Channel - This is to allow users to subscribe to your trade signals (one way communication).
7. Copy Trading Signal to a MT4 Client - This is to allow users to trade your signals automatically (requires a Client Bot).