Data types are one of the building blocks of python. And You can do a lot of things with data types!
Fact: In python, all data types are implemented as an object.
A data type is like a specification of what kind of data we would like to store in memory and python has some built-in data types in these categories:
- Text type: str
- Numeric types: int, float, complex
- Sequence types: list, tuple, range
- Mapping type: dict
- Set types: set, frozenset
- Boolean type: bool
- Binary types: bytes, bytearray, memoryview
Now, let's demistify all these data types by using type() function to display the data type of the variable.
Text type
str
str stands for a string in python used for storing text in python.
Strings can be written either in single quotes or double quotes in python, hence your choice.
Strings can be written either in single quotes or double quotes in python, hence your choice.
Example:
Output:
Hello, world!
<class 'str'>Numeric types
int
Example:
Output:
4
<class 'int'>float
float stands for floating-point numbers (decimal point numbers).
Example:
Output:
3.14
<class 'float'>complex
complex numbers have a real and imaginary part, which are each a floating-point number.
Complex numbers can be written in two forms:
real + (imag)j
complex(real, imag)
Complex numbers can be written in two forms:
real + (imag)j
complex(real, imag)
Example:
Output:
(5+10j)
<class 'complex'>Sequence types
list
A list is data type where you can store a collection of data.
A list can also contain different data types.
A list is ordered and changeable and allows duplicate members.
A list can also contain different data types.
A list is ordered and changeable and allows duplicate members.
Example:
Output:
['Captain America', 'Iron Man', 'Thor', 'Hulk', 'Black Widow', 'Hawkeye']
<class 'list'>tuple
A tuple is data type where you can store a collection of data.
A tuple can also contain different data types.
A tuple is ordered and unchangeable and allows duplicate members.
A tuple can also contain different data types.
A tuple is ordered and unchangeable and allows duplicate members.
Example:
Output:
('Captain America', 'Iron Man', 'Thor', 'Hulk', 'Black Widow', 'Hawkeye')
<class 'tuple'>range
The range type represents an immutable (unchangeable) sequence of numbers.
Commonly used for looping a specific number of times in for loops.
Commonly used for looping a specific number of times in for loops.
Example:
Output:
range(0, 10)
<class 'range'>Mapping type
dict
dict stands for dictionary in python.
Dictionaries are used to store data values in key: value pairs.
A dictionary is a collection which is unordered, changeable and does not allow duplicates.
Dictionaries are used to store data values in key: value pairs.
A dictionary is a collection which is unordered, changeable and does not allow duplicates.
Example:
Output:
{'Learning': 'Programming', 'Language': 'Python', 'Day': 4}
<class 'dict'>Set types
set
A set is data type where you can store a collection of data.
A set can also contain different data types.
A set is unordered and unindexed and allows no duplicate members.
A set can also contain different data types.
A set is unordered and unindexed and allows no duplicate members.
Example:
Output:
{'Black Widow', 'Iron Man', 'Thor', 'Hawkeye', 'Hulk', 'Captain America'}
<class 'set'>frozenset
frozenset data type can be created by frozenset() function.
The frozenset() function accepts an iterable and returns an unchangeable frozenset object (which is like a set object, only unchangeable).
The frozenset() function accepts an iterable and returns an unchangeable frozenset object (which is like a set object, only unchangeable).
Example:
Output:
frozenset({'cherry', 'banana', 'apple'})
<class 'frozenset'>Boolean type
bool
bool stands for boolean in python.
Booleans represent one of two values: True or False.
Booleans represent one of two values: True or False.
Example:
Output:
True
<class 'bool'>
False
<class 'bool'>Binary types
bytes
bytes data type can be created in two forms:
bytes() function
prefix 'b'
bytes() function
prefix 'b'
Example:
Output:
b'hello'
<class 'bytes'>
b'Hello'
<class 'bytes'>bytearray
bytearray() function returns a bytearray object.
It can convert objects into bytearray objects.
It can convert objects into bytearray objects.
Example:
Output:
bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')
<class 'bytearray'>memoryview
memoryview() function returns a memory view object from a specified object.
Example:
Output:
<memory at 0x2b4f7a8a7408>
<class 'memoryview'>Note
As you might have observed earlier, some data types can be also implemented using their constructors.
This same technique can also be applied to every data type.
Example:
Output:
Hello, World!
4
3.14
(5+10j)
['Captain America', 'Iron Man', 'Thor', 'Hulk', 'Black Widow', 'Hawkeye']
('Captain America', 'Iron Man', 'Thor', 'Hulk', 'Black Widow', 'Hawkeye')
range(0, 10)
{'Learning': 'Programming', 'Language': 'Python', 'Day': 4}
{'apple', 'cherry', 'banana'}
frozenset({'banana', 'cherry', 'apple'})
True
False
b'\x00\x00\x00\x00'
bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00')
<memory at 0x2b8346a29408>Also published at https://dev.to/aswin2001barath/data-types-in-python-14ol